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    Gospel of Barnabas: Full Text and Chapters

    Read the Gospel of Barnabas chapter by chapter, with the older English text and The Precanon’s controlled Modern English version.

    The older English text follows the English translation by Lonsdale and Laura Ragg. The Modern English mode uses a fixed, chapter-by-chapter readability edition derived from that English text, not a separate manuscript translation or a free paraphrase.

    Start with Prologue & Chapter 1About / Disclaimer

    Chapter list

    All 222 chapters

    Each entry gives a short sense of what that chapter covers, so you can choose where to read next. Original and Modern English modes are available on every chapter page.

    Prologue & Ch. 1Gabriel Announces the Birth of JesusGabriel appears to Mary. The birth of Jesus is announced. Mary answers in faith.Chapter 2The Angel Warns Joseph in a DreamAn angel warns Joseph in a dream. Mary's child is explained as part of God's will. Jesus' mission begins to take shape.Chapter 3The Birth of Jesus in BethlehemJesus is born in Bethlehem. Angels praise God. The child's holiness is emphasized.Chapter 4Shepherds Visit the Newborn JesusShepherds hear the angels’ announcement and visit the newborn Jesus. Mary keeps what they tell her in her heart.Chapter 5The Circumcision of JesusJesus is circumcised according to the law. His name is given. Mary and Joseph keep him with the fear of God.Chapter 6The Magi, the Star, and HerodThe magi follow a star to Judaea. They search for the newborn king. Herod reacts with fear and deceit.Chapter 7The Magi Honor JesusThe magi find Jesus and offer gifts. They show him honor. They return by another way after a warning in a dream.Chapter 8The Flight into EgyptJoseph flees into Egypt with Mary and Jesus. Herod orders the massacre of the children. Mourning spreads through Bethlehem.Chapter 9Jesus at Twelve Among the TeachersAt twelve, Jesus speaks with the teachers in the temple. His wisdom and devotion to God are already evident.Chapter 10Gabriel Gives the Gospel to JesusJesus prays on the Mount of Olives at the age of thirty. Gabriel brings the gospel to him. His mission is opened with heavenly knowledge.Chapter 11Jesus Heals a LeperA leper asks Jesus for mercy. Jesus heals him. Praise is directed to God alone.Chapter 12Jesus' First Sermon in JerusalemJesus speaks before the people in Jerusalem. The name and greatness of God stand at the center. Wonder and hostility appear together.Chapter 13Jesus Prays on the Mount of OlivesJesus prays in fear on the Mount of Olives. The danger from priests and scribes is felt. Gabriel comes with comfort.Chapter 14The Forty-Day Fast and the Twelve ApostlesJesus fasts for forty days and is tempted by Satan. The angels minister to him. The twelve apostles are then chosen.Chapter 15Jesus Turns Water into WineJesus attends a marriage feast. Water is turned into wine. The miracle becomes known among the guests.Chapter 16Jesus Teaches Repentance and a New LifeJesus teaches repentance, prayer, and turning away from an evil life. The new life he describes rejects greed and falsehood.Chapter 17The True Faith and the Oneness of GodThe disciples ask about God. Jesus answers at length. God's oneness and majesty stand at the center.Chapter 18Jesus on Persecution and Returning Good for EvilJesus warns the disciples about the hatred of the world. Mercy, patience, and trust in God are taught. Good is returned for evil.Chapter 19Betrayal Foretold and Ten Lepers HealedJesus speaks of betrayal among the twelve. He then heals ten lepers. Judgment, gratitude, and warning meet in one chapter.Chapter 20The Storm at Sea and NazarethJesus calms the sea on the way to Nazareth. He is asked for a sign in his own country. No prophet is received at home.Chapter 21The Demoniac, the Swine, and the Canaanite WomanJesus heals a man possessed by demons. The swine are cast into the sea. Afterwards he answers the plea of a Canaanite mother.Chapter 22Circumcision and the UncircumcisedThe disciples question Jesus about harsh words to the Canaanite woman. Circumcision, covenant, and obedience are brought to the center.Chapter 23Abraham, Circumcision, and the Covenant of GodJesus explains the origin of circumcision. Abraham receives God’s covenant. The uncircumcised are warned of judgment.Chapter 24The Gluttonous Rich Man and LazarusJesus condemns gluttony and lavish feasting. The fates of the rich man and Lazarus place mercy and judgment side by side.Chapter 25Despising the Flesh and Living in the WorldBarnabas asks how the flesh is to be ruled. Jesus answers with the image of a horse under discipline. Poverty, measure, and self-control are emphasized.Chapter 26Loving God and Abraham’s Dispute with His FatherLove of God is compared to a hidden treasure. Abraham’s dispute with his father is introduced. God is placed above family and life itself.Chapter 27Abraham’s Prudence and the Folly of LaughterThe disciples marvel at Abraham’s prudence, but Jesus rebukes their mocking laughter. Meanwhile, Abraham’s father grows increasingly angry.Chapter 28Abraham Destroys the IdolsAbraham breaks the idols in his father’s temple. He turns the accusation back on the worshippers. Idolatry is exposed as folly.Chapter 29Abraham Comes to Know GodAbraham reflects on the stars, the moon, and the sun. Gabriel calls him by name. The knowledge of the one God begins to dawn.Chapter 30The Parable of the Good SamaritanA doctor asks about eternal life and the meaning of neighbor. Jesus answers with the parable of the wounded traveler and the merciful Samaritan.Chapter 31Tribute to Caesar and the Centurion’s SonJesus answers the question of tribute to Caesar. A centurion asks help for his sick son. Faith and humility are both praised.Chapter 32Washing Hands and the Traditions of the EldersJesus is invited to supper and challenged over washing before bread. He rebukes human traditions that overturn the command of God.Chapter 33Idolatry, the Greatest SinJesus teaches that whatever a person loves above everything else becomes that person’s god. Idolatry is named the greatest sin, and the case of the shrunken hand is introduced.Chapter 34The Shrunken Hand, Humility, and the Fall of SatanA man’s infirm hand is restored. Jesus speaks against evil custom, teaches humility at table, and warns against self-exaltation.Chapter 35Satan’s Fall and the Rebellion of the AngelsThe disciples ask how Satan fell. Jesus recounts the rebellion of the angels, the refusal to honour earth, and the pride that led to ruin.Chapter 36On Prayer and the Neglect of PrayerJesus says that the man who does not pray is worse than Satan. Examples, warning, and the need for unceasing prayer are all brought together.Chapter 37Jesus Teaches His Disciples to PrayThe disciples ask to be taught prayer. Jesus gives them words to say. God’s name, kingdom, forgiveness, and deliverance stand at the center.Chapter 38Washing, the Law, and True PrayerJesus says he has not come to destroy the law. Outer washing is joined to inner cleansing. True prayer is tied to obedience and purity of heart.Chapter 39Adam, Pride, and the Name of MuhammadJesus explains how man sinned through pride. Adam is created, the angels sing, and the name of Muhammad is shown before the fall.Chapter 40Satan, the Serpent, and the Forbidden FruitSatan enters by means of the serpent and approaches Eve. Adam and Eve eat the forbidden fruit. Paradise is lost through deception.Chapter 41Adam and Eve Are Driven from ParadiseAdam and Eve are exposed after eating the forbidden fruit. They are driven from paradise. God’s promise concerning his messenger is recalled.Chapter 42Jesus and the Question of the MessiahPriests and Levites question Jesus about the Messiah. He distinguishes himself from the Messiah they expect. The transfiguration on Mount Tabor is also recounted.Chapter 43The Messiah and the Line of IshmaelThe disciples ask about the Messiah. Jesus speaks of the messenger of God. Ishmael and the mercy of that messenger are brought forward.Chapter 44The Sacrifice of IshmaelThe question of Abraham’s sacrifice is raised. Jesus argues for Ishmael, not Isaac. The messenger of God is described in greater detail.Chapter 45Jesus Denounces HypocrisyJesus is questioned in Jerusalem. He lays bare the nature of hypocrisy. Priests and doctors are warned of judgment.Chapter 46The Vineyard and the Woman Bent DoubleJesus tells the parable of the vineyard and heals a woman bent double from birth. The healing provokes another dispute over the sabbath.Chapter 47Jesus Raises the Widow’s Son at NainJesus comes near Nain. A widow’s only son is raised from death. Fear and praise spread among the people.Chapter 48Discord at Nain and Healings in CapernaumDispute breaks out in Nain over who Jesus is. Jesus departs to Capernaum. Many sick people are then healed.Chapter 49Right and Wrong JudgmentJesus warns against judging matters over which a person has no authority. False judgment is condemned, while truth and mercy must be preserved together.Chapter 50Judge Not, and You Shall Not Be JudgedJesus says false judgment is the father of many sins. Many are moved to repentance. He then withdraws into the desert to pray.Chapter 51Jesus Calls Satan to RepentanceThe disciples ask about Jesus’s encounter with Satan. Jesus recounts how he called Satan to repentance and sought pardon for him, but Satan refused.Chapter 52The Terror of Judgment DayJesus describes the terror of Judgment Day, when all creation will bear witness. He also declares that he is a mortal man, not the Son of God.Chapter 53The Fifteen Signs Before Judgment DayJesus sets out fifteen signs that will precede Judgment Day. War, famine, and disorder fill the world, and he condemns those who call him the Son of God.Chapter 54The Resurrection and the Last JudgmentDarkness covers the world before the resurrection. The trumpet sounds. The dead are raised for judgment before God.Chapter 55The Messenger of God Before the ThroneThe messenger of God gathers the prophets. He stands before the throne and intercedes. The faithful are remembered before God.Chapter 56The Book of Judgment Is OpenedThe book is opened in the hand of the messenger of God. The elect are marked. Satan is then summoned to judgment.Chapter 57Satan, the Reprobates, and the Reward of the ElectSatan is condemned before all creatures. The unbelievers are judged. The elect receive mercy and reward.Chapter 58The Just and the Destruction of SinnersThe disciples ask about mercy on the last day and the regions of hell. Jesus answers concerning justice, judgment, and the fate of sinners.Chapter 59Hell Has Seven RegionsJesus says hell is one, yet has seven regions. Punishment differs in degree. Rest, idleness, and negligence are also rebuked.Chapter 60The Torments of HellJesus describes hell in detail. Fire, fear, and misery are set against paradise. The disciples are left in sorrow.Chapter 61The Talents and the Duty to Live WellJesus teaches watchfulness and the responsible use of God’s gifts. The parable of entrusted goods shows that life must be lived in readiness.Chapter 62The Soul as Merchant and the Body as ShopJesus compares the soul to a merchant and the body to a shop. Vigilance, gain, and loss are explained in moral terms.Chapter 63Fire from Heaven and the SamaritansThe Samaritans refuse Jesus entry. James and John ask for fire from heaven. Jesus rebukes them and teaches mercy instead of vengeance.Chapter 64Patience, Persecution, and the Example of DavidJesus teaches patience under injury and insult. God’s will is set above revenge. David is given as an example.Chapter 65The Disabled Man at the Pool of ProbaticaAt the pool of Probatica in Jerusalem, Jesus heals a disabled man whom others had ignored. The scene contrasts human neglect with divine mercy.Chapter 66Paradise, Reward, and VanityA question is asked about reward in paradise. Jesus rebukes vanity and careless speech. God alone is truly good.Chapter 67The Origin of SacrificeJesus rebukes the priests about sacrifice. The question of its origin is raised. Human sin and divine concession are brought into view.Chapter 68The Ungrateful Man Healed by the KingJesus answers with a parable about an ungrateful man healed by a king. Gratitude and service are contrasted with ingratitude and rebellion.Chapter 69Jesus Rebukes the Priests and Heals a DemoniacJesus calls the priests to repentance. Their pride and corruption are exposed. A demoniac is healed, and Roman soldiers stir unrest.Chapter 70Peter Calls Jesus the Son of God; Jesus Rebukes HimJesus asks the disciples who they believe him to be. When Peter calls him the Son of God, Jesus rebukes him and explicitly rejects the claim.Chapter 71The Paralysed Man and the Return to NazarethJesus returns to his own country and heals a paralysed man. He insists that God alone forgives sins.Chapter 72Betrayal Foretold and the Messenger of GodJesus speaks privately with the disciples at night. He foretells the betrayal against him and speaks of the coming Messenger of God.Chapter 73The Four Ways of Satan’s TemptationThe disciples ask how Satan tempts man. Jesus sets out four ways of temptation. The snares of thought, word, and company are explained.Chapter 74Sin Begins in ThoughtJesus teaches that sin begins in thought. Satan and Solomon are given as examples. The heart must be guarded before action follows.Chapter 75Examining Thoughts and the Idle LabourersJesus explains how thoughts are to be tested, like coins. He then speaks by a parable of labourers. Sloth and negligence are exposed.Chapter 76The Parable of the Three VinedressersJesus tells of three vinedressers with different kinds of failure and success. Ignorance, skill, and negligence are weighed before judgment.Chapter 77Knowledge Without Works Is VainJesus warns that knowledge without obedience will be condemned. Truth must be lived, not only spoken. Judgment falls more heavily on the knowing sinner.Chapter 78Learning from the ProphetsThe disciples ask whether it is safer not to know. Jesus answers that learning from the prophets is necessary. Understanding is compared to sight.Chapter 79The Prophets’ Writings and Righteous DeedsJesus says the prophets still teach through their writings. He links heed to their words with righteous deeds and acceptance of God’s mercy.Chapter 80God Has Mercy on Those Who Work RighteousnessJesus gives examples from Noah, Abraham, Job, and others. God’s mercy is shown across different peoples. Right action is placed above empty talk.Chapter 81Jesus and the Samaritan Woman at Jacob’s WellJesus comes to Jacob’s well in Samaria. He speaks with a Samaritan woman. The question of true worship is raised.Chapter 82Jesus and the Coming of the MessiahJesus answers the Samaritan woman about true worship. He distinguishes himself from the Messiah to come. Mercy in every place is foretold.Chapter 83The True Food Is to Do God’s WillThe disciples urge Jesus to eat. He replies that true food is to do God’s will and points to the approaching spiritual harvest.Chapter 84Purity in PrayerJesus gives thanks after prayer. Prayer is joined to purity and watchfulness. The mercy of God is remembered.Chapter 85True FriendshipJesus speaks about correcting evil and serving God. A true friend helps the soul, not the passions. Friendship is tested by truth.Chapter 86How to Choose a True FriendJesus explains how a friend should love God before self. Correction, loyalty, and devotion are all weighed. False friendship is exposed.Chapter 87Stumbling Blocks and Correcting a BrotherJesus warns against causing offence. He teaches how a brother is to be corrected. Severity and mercy are held together.Chapter 88Peter, Correction, and ForgivenessPeter asks how to correct a brother and how often to forgive him. Jesus teaches merciful correction, patience, and humility in judgment.Chapter 89Waiting for the Sinner to RepentPeter asks how long a brother should be borne with. Jesus answers by pointing to patience and mercy. A sinner is to be awaited for repentance.Chapter 90Faith and the Danger of Asking “Why?”Jesus teaches on faith after prayer. Faith is set against restless questioning. Trust in God is placed above proud reasoning.Chapter 91Unrest in Judaea Over JesusUnrest spreads through Judaea over Jesus. The people, governor, and high priest search for him as false claims about his identity threaten sedition.Chapter 92Jesus at Mount Sinai and the Crowd’s ErrorJesus leaves Sinai and comes near the Jordan. The crowd seeks him as if he were God. Jesus rejects that claim before them all.Chapter 93Jesus Rebukes Those Who Call Him GodJesus reproves the multitude and the priest. He says that calling him God is a grave error. The city is warned of judgment.Chapter 94Jesus Confesses Himself to Be a ManJesus declares that he is a mortal man, born of a woman. He rejects every claim that makes him more than man. Fear of God is placed at the center.Chapter 95Jesus Confesses His Faith Before the PeopleJesus speaks from a high place before the priest and the people. He confesses the oneness of God. Israel is called back to right belief.Chapter 96Jesus Explains Who the Messiah IsAsked who he is, Jesus describes himself as a mortal man and a prophet of God. He says that he is not the awaited Messiah.Chapter 97Jesus Foretells the Coming of Prophet MuhammadJesus names Muhammad as the messenger who will come after him. He warns against false prophets and says that the messenger’s faith will be preserved.Chapter 98Rome’s Decree Concerning Jesus and the Five LoavesThe Roman Senate issues a decree concerning Jesus. The chapter then recounts the miracle of the five loaves, in which the gathered crowd is fed in the wilderness.Chapter 99God’s Jealousy for His HonourJesus explains the zeal owed to God’s honour. Through Abraham, David, Job, and Jacob, he shows how attachments loved above God are tested.Chapter 100Jesus Sends the Disciples to Proclaim RepentanceJesus sends his disciples through Samaria, Judaea, and Israel. They are to proclaim repentance, correct false beliefs about him, and pray for the sick.Chapter 101Repentance and the Foundation of SalvationJesus defines repentance as a complete reversal of an evil life. Every sense and habit must turn from sin toward God.Chapter 102True Sorrow for SinJesus speaks of real sorrow for sin. He then gives the parable of the king’s adopted son. Penitence is joined to longing for mercy.Chapter 103The Weeping of the SinnerJesus distinguishes true tears from false tears. The soul is to be mourned more than the body. Sin is the true cause of grief.Chapter 104Loss, Tears, and Figurative Speech About GodJesus explains what is truly lost and what should move a person to tears. He also interprets figurative language about God and warns that outward tears alone are not enough.Chapter 105God’s Greatness and the Nature of the SoulJesus speaks of God’s immeasurable greatness. By distinguishing soul, sense, and flesh, he shows the limits of human understanding.Chapter 106The Soul and the SenseJesus distinguishes the soul from the senses and describes their powers. Inner disorder arises when a person abandons reason and God’s law.Chapter 107Fasting and the Devices of SatanJesus teaches fasting as a means of penitence. Satan’s devices are also exposed. Bodily restraint is joined to spiritual struggle.Chapter 108Vigilance and the Sleep of the SoulJesus contrasts bodily sleep with the sleep of the soul. He urges the disciples to vigilance and describes neglect of God as the deeper slumber.Chapter 109Spiritual Vigilance and Forgetting GodJesus distinguishes bodily wakefulness from spiritual vigilance. Forgetting God is named as sin, and the soul is called to remain awake before him.Chapter 110Moderation in Prayer, Fasting, and VigilJesus teaches that prayer, fasting, and vigilance should be practised according to a person’s strength. Service to God requires sincerity and balance, not display.Chapter 111The Best of Our Time Belongs to GodJesus rebukes giving God the worst of one’s time. He uses the parable of the wine vessel. Honour toward God must come first.Chapter 112Jesus Reveals How He Will Be BetrayedJesus tells Barnabas how he will be betrayed and how he will depart from the world. Barnabas hears the disclosure with grief.Chapter 113The Parable of the Fig TreeJesus gives the parable of the fig tree. He comforts his disciples. Fruitfulness and judgment are both in view.Chapter 114The Fig Tree ExplainedJesus explains the parable of the fig tree. Man is said to be born for work. Idleness is set against the purpose of life.Chapter 115Lust and Unbridled DesireJesus warns against lust. Desire without restraint is shown to be destructive. The soul is to rule the body.Chapter 116Elijah and the Blind ManJesus tells the story of Elijah and the blind man. Bodily sight is shown to be dangerous without truth. False appearances mislead the heart.Chapter 117Elijah, Creatures, and IdolatryElijah reveals the truth to the blind man. The danger of exalting creatures is exposed. Idolatry begins with misdirected honour.Chapter 118The Three Kinds of WorldsJesus speaks of three kinds of worlds. The vanity of the present world is exposed. Men are warned not to cling to what passes away.Chapter 119Prayer as the Advocate of the SoulJesus calls prayer the advocate of the soul. He teaches that idle words should give way to prayer and that the tongue should be used to remember God.Chapter 120Idle Talk and JestingJesus warns against idle talk and jesting. Words must be weighed carefully because speech is a trust for which a person is accountable.Chapter 121Measured Speech and the Recording AngelsJesus teaches measured, careful speech before God. By recalling the angels who record human words, he urges responsibility in the use of the tongue.Chapter 122Almsgiving and RepentanceAvarice is turned into almsgiving. Man’s mixed nature is described. Repentance is shown as a gift of grace.Chapter 123The Nature and Creation of ManJesus explains how God created man from four opposing elements. Human weakness, balance, and the wisdom of creation are considered.Chapter 124Three Tests of DoctrineJesus gives three tests for distinguishing true doctrine from falsehood. He compares discernment to separating what is good from what is bad.Chapter 125Avarice, Almsgiving, and the Duration of RepentanceJesus returns to avarice and almsgiving, then asks how long repentance should continue. Attachment to passing things is rebuked.Chapter 126Jesus Sends Out His DisciplesJesus sends the disciples out to preach. At the same time, the priests’ plot against him becomes clearer, placing mission and danger side by side.Chapter 127Jesus Preaches on Humility in the TempleJesus preaches on humility in the temple. He condemns self-exaltation and reminds his hearers of human frailty before God.Chapter 128Idolatry and the Pharisee and the Tax CollectorJesus warns against idolatry and tells the parable of the Pharisee and the tax collector. Humility is placed above self-righteousness.Chapter 129Humility Before God and Simon the LeperJesus teaches humility before God and uses Simon the leper as an example. Human boasting is exposed as empty.Chapter 130The Two Debtors and the Sinful WomanJesus tells the parable of the two debtors. The sinful woman is forgiven. Love follows where much has been forgiven.Chapter 131Escaping PrideThe disciples ask how pride may be escaped. Jesus answers with examples, including John at Herod’s table. Humility is presented as safety.Chapter 132Parables by the SeaJesus teaches by the sea in many parables. The sower, the tares, the figs, the fountain, and the apples are all set before the people.Chapter 133Jesus Explains the ParablesThe disciples ask for the meaning of the parables. Jesus explains the sower, the tares, and the father of a family. Hidden meanings are opened.Chapter 134The Figs, Fountain, and Apple Parables ExplainedJesus explains the parables of the figs, fountain, and apples. He examines teachers, doctrine, and deceptive appearances, distinguishing truth from attractive display.Chapter 135The Seven Regions of Hell and Their PunishmentsJesus describes seven regions of hell and the punishments assigned to the deadly sins. The chapter confronts its hearers with the seriousness of judgment.Chapter 136The Faithful, the Unbelievers, and the Messenger of GodJesus describes the fates of the faithful and the unbelievers. He presents unbelief as ending without hope and recalls the Messenger of God.Chapter 137The Messenger of God Intercedes for the FaithfulThe messenger of God intercedes for the faithful in hell. Mercy is shown within judgment. Hope is tied to divine favour.Chapter 138The Miracle of the GrainDuring a year of scarcity, the people ask Jesus for help and a miracle of grain follows. Jesus then flees from those who want to make him king.Chapter 139Jesus Foretells Betrayal and DepartureJesus is found by his disciples after fleeing. He speaks of betrayal and his departure from the world. Sorrow deepens among the disciples.Chapter 140Learning to Die WellJesus teaches on dying well. The death of the holy is called precious. Paradise, not the world, is shown as man’s true home.Chapter 141Earthly Riches and the Needle of DeathJesus speaks of the vanity of earthly riches. Death is the narrow passage through which wealth cannot pass. The world’s reward is shown to be small.Chapter 142The Treachery of JudasJudas loses hope of worldly power. He goes to the chief priests. The plot against Jesus begins to take shape.Chapter 143Jesus Meets ZacchaeusJesus comes to Zacchaeus. He says the physician comes for the sick. Repentance is preferred to self-righteousness.Chapter 144The True Meaning of the Name PhariseeJesus explains the origin and true meaning of the name Pharisee. He places the search for God above outward appearance and human reputation.Chapter 145Elijah’s Little Book and the True PhariseeJesus recalls the old Pharisees in the time of Elijah. Their piety is set against the corruption of the present. The true religion of the Pharisees is described.Chapter 146The Parable of the Prodigal SonZacchaeus promises restitution. Jesus answers with the parable of the prodigal son. Sinners who repent are set before the self-righteous.Chapter 147The Elder Son’s AngerJesus continues the parable of the prodigal son. The elder son refuses the joy of repentance. Resentment is exposed beside mercy.Chapter 148Two Ancient Pharisees in the MountainsJesus tells of two ancient Pharisees who lived in the mountains. Their lives expose the hypocrisy of his own time and the emptiness of outward religion.Chapter 149Humility and the Spring of WaterThe story of the two Pharisees continues. Humility and hidden grace are brought forward. A spring of water becomes part of the lesson.Chapter 150Knowledge and PracticeThe wisdom of the younger Pharisee is recounted. Knowledge is joined to practice: what a person knows must also shape how that person lives.Chapter 151The True God and the True PhariseeJesus warns against the leaven of false Pharisees. He explains what a true Pharisee is. Faith in God is placed above outward show.Chapter 152Jesus and the Roman Soldiers in the TempleRoman soldiers question Jesus about war and the gods. He answers about the one God. The soldiers are cast out of the temple.Chapter 153Robbery, Stealing, and a Neighbour’s HonourJesus broadens robbery beyond money and property to include stealing a neighbour’s honour. Damaging another person’s reputation may be worse than taking possessions.Chapter 154Free Will and the Mercy of GodJesus is asked why God did not prevent the first sin. He answers about freedom, mercy, and the creature’s place before the Creator.Chapter 155The Old Priests and the Man Born BlindOld priests are sent to tempt Jesus. A man born blind is healed. The question of sin and blindness comes into view.Chapter 156The Man Born Blind Before the High PriestThe healed man is questioned before the high priest and the Pharisees. Testimony is demanded. The miracle becomes a cause of dispute.Chapter 157Jesus Comforts the Man Born BlindJesus meets and comforts the man born blind. He then speaks of the three kinds of worlds. The visible and the invisible are set in contrast.Chapter 158Sin, Opposition to God, and the Nature of EvilJesus discusses sin as opposition to God. Murder and lying are compared as he weighs what makes an act evil.Chapter 159Micaiah and the False ProphetsBarnabas recounts the story of Micaiah before Ahab. False prophecy fills the court. Truth stands almost alone.Chapter 160Ahab, the Angel, and the LieMicaiah tells Ahab that he will follow the false prophets into battle and die. Ahab clings to the lie he prefers, while the true prophet is punished.Chapter 161The Angel’s Lie, Sacrifice, and the Nature of SinJesus explains why the angel who deceived Ahab’s false prophets did not sin. Lying, killing, sacrifice, and the measure of sin are discussed in relation to God’s will.Chapter 162Predestination and the Prophet AmosPhilip asks about the words of Amos. Jesus rejects false predestination. God’s justice and man’s freedom are defended.Chapter 163Predestination and the Coming MessengerBeyond the Jordan, Jesus begins his teaching on predestination. He also speaks of the coming Messenger of God and the mercy that will surround those who believe in him.Chapter 164The Pharisees’ False Doctrine of PredestinationJesus denounces the Pharisees’ doctrine of predestination. He defends human freedom and God’s law, rejecting the claim that sin is a road appointed by God.Chapter 165God Calls Sinners to RepentanceJesus continues the argument from the words of the prophets. God’s call to sinners to repent is used to expose the contradiction in the Pharisees’ doctrine.Chapter 166Mercy, Hardening, and PharaohAndrew asks about God’s hardening of Pharaoh. Jesus answers with mercy, judgment, and the limits of human pride. God’s bounty is placed before man’s merit.Chapter 167The Mystery of Divine PredestinationJesus says the human mind cannot grasp every mystery of divine predestination. He warns against rejecting a truth merely because its manner is unknown and calls the disciples to humility.Chapter 168The Glory of ParadiseJesus begins to describe the glory of paradise. Delight, beauty, and reward are set before the faithful. Earthly desires are left behind.Chapter 169The Fruits and Abundance of ParadiseJesus continues on paradise with its fruits and blessings. Abundance is promised to the faithful. Earthly plenty is shown to be small by comparison.Chapter 170The Faithful Servant and the Reward of ParadiseJesus speaks of the faithful servant and God’s promise to him. Paradise is described as reward beyond labour. Service and bounty are joined together.Chapter 171The Riches of Paradise and Herod’s GiftsJesus compares the riches of paradise with royal gifts. Herod’s splendour becomes an example of how little worldly wealth is beside God’s reward.Chapter 172God’s Words on Paradise’s Immeasurable RewardJesus quotes God’s words about paradise. Its reward exceeds every human measure and cannot be compared with any gift in this world.Chapter 173The Abundance of Paradise and the World’s PovertyJesus continues to describe the abundance of paradise. The world is set against it and found poor. Eternal reward dwarfs present life.Chapter 174Body and Soul in ParadisePeter asks about the body in paradise. Jesus speaks of body and soul together in reward. The resurrection hope is clarified.Chapter 175Isaiah and the Feast Prepared for the FaithfulJesus quotes Isaiah on the feast prepared for the faithful. Paradise is presented as a place of joy and abundance for God’s servants.Chapter 176The Glory of Body and Soul in ParadiseBartholomew asks whether rewards in paradise will be equal. Jesus says body and soul will receive differing degrees of glory without envy among the blessed.Chapter 177The Light of ParadiseJesus describes the light of paradise. God himself is its sun. No earthly light can equal it.Chapter 178The Greatness of Paradise and the Nine HeavensJesus speaks of the greatness of paradise and the nine heavens. The scale of creation is set before the disciples. Paradise surpasses them all.Chapter 179Gabriel’s Mirror and the Greatness of GodGabriel shows Jesus a mirror. Paradise itself is shown to be small before God. The Creator is greater than every reward.Chapter 180Abraham, Reward, and Human MeritA scribe asks about the reward promised to Abraham. Jesus explains the difference between human merit and God’s boundless generosity.Chapter 181Man Merits Nothing Before GodJesus says man owes everything to God. Merit is denied as a human claim upon the Creator. Gratitude replaces boasting.Chapter 182God’s Bounty and Man’s DebtJesus continues on God’s bounty. Man is shown to be a debtor in all things. Every gift comes first from God.Chapter 183How Man Should Pray to GodJesus teaches how man should pray to God. Humility before the Creator is required. Prayer begins with knowing one’s place.Chapter 184True and False HumilityJesus distinguishes true humility from false humility. A little child is given as an example. Simplicity and truth are preferred to display.Chapter 185False Pharisees and the Example of GehaziJesus warns against the false Pharisees of the present time. Gehazi is given as an example. Greed and hypocrisy are exposed.Chapter 186Haggai the True PhariseeJesus tells the story of Haggai the true Pharisee. His humility and prayer are praised. An older pattern of piety is remembered.Chapter 187Hosea the True PhariseeJesus recounts the life of Hosea the true Pharisee. Charity and generosity mark his conduct. True religion is shown in mercy.Chapter 188Hosea Redeems a Widow’s SonHosea sells himself to redeem a widow’s son. The book of Moses is also discussed. Charity is shown to cost dearly.Chapter 189The Scribe, Joshua, and the Sun Standing StillJesus confirms the scribe’s words by causing the sun to stand still for twelve hours. He then speaks of the law, the prophets, and the corruption of their writings.Chapter 190The True Book of Moses and IshmaelThe scribe speaks of the true book of Moses. Ishmael is named as the father of the Messiah. A buried line of testimony is brought forward.Chapter 191Mary Magdalene Seeks Jesus’s Help for LazarusMary Magdalene seeks Jesus’s help for her dying brother Lazarus. Jesus sends her back to Bethany, where she finds that Lazarus has died.Chapter 192Jesus Comes to BethanyJesus arrives near Bethany. Martha and Mary meet him in sorrow. The house is prepared for a miracle.Chapter 193The Raising of LazarusJesus calls Lazarus from the dead. The miracle is witnessed by many. Fear and amazement spread through the people.Chapter 194The Priests Plot Against LazarusThe priests turn their anger toward Lazarus. Martha and Mary minister to Jesus. Hatred grows alongside devotion.Chapter 195Death, the Soul, and Life in This WorldJesus explains death, the soul’s departure from the body, and the transience of life in this world. He says the deeper death is to live without knowing God.Chapter 196Learning from DeathJesus teaches that death can awaken the soul. John asks why men do not return like Lazarus. The lesson turns toward repentance.Chapter 197The Parable of the Good Axe and the Burial of the DeadJesus compares the sight of burial to a good axe that reminds a person of mortality. This remembrance should cut down the tree of sin in the heart.Chapter 198Lazarus Speaks on the Fear of GodLazarus speaks about the fear of God and readiness for death. Jesus praises him as a teacher of dying well and examines the claim that a person can merit reward before God.Chapter 199Mercy, Tears, and Human MeritJesus explains the relation between God’s mercy and human merit. One sincere tear of repentance is said to overcome the fire of hell.Chapter 200Jesus Stays with Lazarus and Enters JerusalemJesus stays at Lazarus’s house and then enters Jerusalem on a donkey. The crowd welcomes him with acclaim while the Pharisees’ opposition hardens.Chapter 201The Woman Taken in AdulteryA woman taken in adultery is brought before Jesus. He teaches mercy and judgment. Accusers are made to face themselves.Chapter 202The Physician and the SinnerJesus speaks of the physician and the sinner. Those who seem righteous are exposed as unrighteous. Mercy is set above self-approval.Chapter 203Jesus Heals the Sick at Simon’s HouseJesus heals many sick people at Simon’s house. He also warns of God’s wrath upon Jerusalem. Mercy and warning stand together.Chapter 204God’s Warning to Jerusalem ContinuesJesus heals all the sick who are brought to him. He continues to warn Jerusalem. Judgment draws near despite mercy shown.Chapter 205Mary Anoints Jesus and Judas ConspiresMary anoints Jesus. Judas begins to conspire with the chief priests. Love and betrayal stand side by side.Chapter 206Jesus Confronts the High Priest in the TempleJesus confronts the high priest in the temple. The promise to Ishmael is raised again. Anger grows among his opponents.Chapter 207Abraham, Ishmael, and the High Priest’s WrathJesus teaches on Abraham and Ishmael. The high priest is enraged. Conflict over the promise deepens.Chapter 208Nicodemus Counsels Jesus to FleeNicodemus urges Jesus to leave the city. Gabriel also tells Mary of the pressure surrounding her son, as danger closes in from every side.Chapter 209The High Priest Plots Against JesusThe high priest turns secret hatred into open pursuit. Herod and Pilate are approached. False witness is gathered against Jesus.Chapter 210The Council Assembles Against JesusA general council assembles against Jesus. The high priest, Herod, and Pilate debate how to proceed under the shadow of Rome’s decrees, and a city-wide search begins.Chapter 211Jesus Comforts His Disciples at Nicodemus’s HouseJesus comforts his disciples in the house of Nicodemus. He speaks of his departure and their witness. Sorrow is turned toward steadfastness.Chapter 212Jesus Prays for His Disciples and the FaithfulJesus prays for his disciples and for the faithful. He asks that they be kept from evil. Their future witness is placed before God.Chapter 213The Last Supper and the Washing of FeetThe lamb is prepared in secret. Jesus eats with his disciples and washes their feet. Service and departure are joined together.Chapter 214Jesus Prays in the Garden and Judas Brings SoldiersJesus prays in the garden according to his custom. Judas leads soldiers to the place. The hour of betrayal arrives.Chapter 215Jesus Is Taken to Heaven and Judas Is TransformedAngels take Jesus out of the world. Judas is transformed in likeness and speech. God preserves his servant in the hour of danger.Chapter 216Judas, Made to Look Like Jesus, Is ArrestedJudas, made to look and sound like Jesus, is seized by the soldiers. The disciples believe he is Jesus, panic, and flee.Chapter 217Judas Before the High Priest and PilateJudas, still bearing Jesus’s likeness, is brought before the high priest and Pilate. His attempts to explain the truth are dismissed and the interrogation continues.Chapter 218Judas Before Pilate and HerodJudas is taken before Pilate and Herod. He insists that he is not Jesus, but Herod mocks him and sends him back to Pilate.Chapter 219Judas Is Scourged, Mocked, and CrucifiedJudas is scourged and crowned with thorns. He is then led to the cross. The death intended for another falls upon the betrayer.Chapter 220The Body of Judas Is StolenThe body of Judas is stolen by night. A report of resurrection begins to spread. The disciples withdraw to Nazareth with Mary.Chapter 221Jesus Appears to Mary and the DisciplesJesus appears to the Virgin Mary and the disciples. The angels also bear witness. Grief is turned to astonishment and joy.Chapter 222Jesus Ascends to HeavenJesus answers Barnabas and speaks once more to the disciples. He is then taken up to heaven. The gospel closes with testimony and warning.