The Gospel of Barnabas · Chapter 42 The Levites' questions — “Who art thou? … Elijah? … a prophet?” — mirror John 1:19–21, where Christ, Elijah and “that Prophet” are three distinct expectations. What “I am not the Messiah” answers:
Jesus and the Question of the Messiah
Then the disciples wept after this discourse, and Jesus was weeping, when they saw many who came to find him, for the chiefs of the priests took counsel among themselves to catch him in his talk. Wherefore they sent the Levites and some of the scribes to question him, saying: 'Who art thou?'
Jesus confessed, and said the truth: 'I am not the Messiah.'
They said: 'Art thou Elijah or Jeremiah, or any of the ancient prophets?'
Jesus answered: 'No.'
Then said they: 'Who art thou? Say, in order that we may give testimony to those who sent us.'
Then said Jesus: 'I am a voice that crieth through all Judea, and crieth: "Prepare ye the way for the messenger of the Lord," even as it is written in Esaias.'
They said: 'If thou be not the Messiah nor Elijah, or any prophet, wherefore dost thou preach new doctrine, and make thyself of more account than the Messiah?'
Jesus answered: 'The miracles which God worketh by my hands show that I speak that which God willeth; nor indeed do I make myself to be accounted as him of whom ye speak. For I am not worthy to unloose the ties of the hosen or the latchets of the shoes of the messenger of God whom ye call "Messiah," who was made before me, and shall come after me, and shall bring the words of truth, so that his faith shall have no end.'
The Levites and scribes departed in confusion, and recounted all to the chiefs of the priests, who said: 'He hath the devil on his back who recounteth all to him.'
Then said Jesus to his disciples: 'Verily I say unto you, that the chiefs and the elders of our people seek occasion against me.'
Then said Peter: 'Therefore go not thou any more into Jerusalem.'
Therefore said Jesus unto him: 'Thou art foolish, and knowest not what thou sayest, for it is necessary that I should suffer many persecutions, because so have suffered all the prophets and holy ones of God. But fear not, for there be that are with us and there be that are against us.'
And having said this, Jesus departed and went to the mount Tabor, and there ascended with him Peter and James and John his brother, with him who writeth this. Whereupon there shone a great light above him, and his garments became white like snow and his face glistened as the sun, and lo! there came Moses and Elijah speaking with Jesus concerning all that needs must come upon our race and upon the holy city.
Peter spake, saying: 'Lord, it is good to be here. Therefore, if thou wilt, we will make here three tabernacles, one for thee and one for Moses and the other for Elijah.' And while he spake they were covered with a white cloud, and they heard a voice saying: 'Behold my servant, in whom I am well pleased; hear ye him.'
The disciples were filled with fear, and fell with their face upon the earth as dead. Jesus went down and raised up his disciples, saying: 'Fear not, for God loveth you, and hath done this in order that ye may believe on my words.'
The disciples wept after this discourse, and Jesus was also weeping when they saw many people approaching him. The chief priests had conspired to trap him in his words, and therefore sent Levites and some scribes to question him: 'Who are you?'
Jesus confessed, and said the truth: 'I am not the Messiah.'
They said: 'Are you Elijah or Jeremiah, or any of the ancient prophets?'
Jesus answered: 'No.'
They then said: 'Who are you? Tell us, so that we may give an answer to those who sent us.'
Jesus said: 'I am a voice crying throughout Judea: "Prepare the way for the Messenger of the Lord," as it is written in Isaiah.'
They said: 'If you are not the Messiah nor Elijah, or any prophet, why, then, do you preach a new doctrine, and make yourself seem greater than the Messiah?'
Jesus answered: 'The miracles God performs through my hands show that I speak what God wills. I do not claim to be the one of whom you speak. I am not worthy even to untie the straps or laces of the shoes of the Messenger of God whom you call the Messiah. He was created before me, will come after me, and will bring the words of truth, so that his faith will have no end.'
The Levites and scribes left in confusion and reported everything to the chief priests, who said: 'The devil is upon him and tells him everything.'
Jesus then said to his disciples: 'Truly, I tell you that the chiefs and elders of our people are seeking an opportunity to act against me.'
Then Peter said: 'Therefore do not go into Jerusalem anymore.'
Jesus replied: 'You are foolish and do not know what you are saying. I must suffer many persecutions, just as all the prophets and holy ones of God have suffered. But do not be afraid, for there are those who are with us and those who are against us.'
After saying this, Jesus departed for Mount Tabor. Peter, James, John the brother of James, and the writer of this account ascended with him. A great light shone above Jesus; his garments became white as snow and his face shone like the sun. Then Moses and Elijah appeared, speaking with him about everything that had to come upon our people and the holy city.
Peter said: 'Lord, it is good for us to be here. If you wish, we will make three shelters here: one for you, one for Moses, and one for Elijah.' While he spoke, a white cloud covered them, and they heard a voice say: 'This is my servant, in whom I am well pleased; listen to him.'
The disciples were filled with fear and fell face down upon the earth as though dead. Jesus came down and raised them, saying: 'Do not be afraid, for God loves you and has done this so that you may believe my words.'
Then the disciples wept after this discourse, and Jesus was weeping, when they saw many who came to find him, for the chiefs of the priests took counsel among themselves to catch him in his talk. Wherefore they sent the Levites and some of the scribes to question him, saying: 'Who art thou?'
Jesus confessed, and said the truth: 'I am not the Messiah.'
They said: 'Art thou Elijah or Jeremiah, or any of the ancient prophets?'
Jesus answered: 'No.'
Then said they: 'Who art thou? Say, in order that we may give testimony to those who sent us.'
Then said Jesus: 'I am a voice that crieth through all Judea, and crieth: "Prepare ye the way for the messenger of the Lord," even as it is written in Esaias.'
They said: 'If thou be not the Messiah nor Elijah, or any prophet, wherefore dost thou preach new doctrine, and make thyself of more account than the Messiah?'
Jesus answered: 'The miracles which God worketh by my hands show that I speak that which God willeth; nor indeed do I make myself to be accounted as him of whom ye speak. For I am not worthy to unloose the ties of the hosen or the latchets of the shoes of the messenger of God whom ye call "Messiah," who was made before me, and shall come after me, and shall bring the words of truth, so that his faith shall have no end.'
The Levites and scribes departed in confusion, and recounted all to the chiefs of the priests, who said: 'He hath the devil on his back who recounteth all to him.'
Then said Jesus to his disciples: 'Verily I say unto you, that the chiefs and the elders of our people seek occasion against me.'
Then said Peter: 'Therefore go not thou any more into Jerusalem.'
Therefore said Jesus unto him: 'Thou art foolish, and knowest not what thou sayest, for it is necessary that I should suffer many persecutions, because so have suffered all the prophets and holy ones of God. But fear not, for there be that are with us and there be that are against us.'
And having said this, Jesus departed and went to the mount Tabor, and there ascended with him Peter and James and John his brother, with him who writeth this. Whereupon there shone a great light above him, and his garments became white like snow and his face glistened as the sun, and lo! there came Moses and Elijah speaking with Jesus concerning all that needs must come upon our race and upon the holy city.
Peter spake, saying: 'Lord, it is good to be here. Therefore, if thou wilt, we will make here three tabernacles, one for thee and one for Moses and the other for Elijah.' And while he spake they were covered with a white cloud, and they heard a voice saying: 'Behold my servant, in whom I am well pleased; hear ye him.'
The disciples were filled with fear, and fell with their face upon the earth as dead. Jesus went down and raised up his disciples, saying: 'Fear not, for God loveth you, and hath done this in order that ye may believe on my words.'